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Immigration Solutions

Law Office of Hamid R. Kashani

Attorney at Law

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Family-Based Immigration

by Hamid R. Kashani, Attorney at Law
Nov 07, 2018 (last modified Jan 31, 2019)

U.S. citizens and permanent residents can sponsor their family members for immigration to the United States. Citizens can sponsor their spouses, children, parents, and brothers & sisters. Permanent residents can sponsor their spouses and unmarried children. Each category of children has its own visa classification and waiting period, which can be as long as several years.

Preference	Family Preference Class	Description	Approximate Wait Time
Immediate Relative	IR-1 / CR-1	Spouses of U.S. Citizens	None
	IR-2 / CR-2	Unmarried children of U.S. citizens under 21	None
	IR-3	Foreign orphans adopted abroad by a U.S. citizen	None
	IR-4	Foreign orphans adopted in the U.S. by a U.S. citizen	None
	IR-5	Parents of U.S. citizens that are at least 21 years of age	None
1^st	F1	Unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens and their minor children	about 7 years
2^nd	F2A	Spouses & unmarried children (under 21), of U.S. Permanent Residents	about 2 years
2^nd	F2B	Unmarried sons and daughters (21 or older) of U.S. Permanent Residents	about 7 years
3^rd	F3	Married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens and their spouses and minor children	about 12 years
4^th	F4	Brothers & sisters of adult U.S. citizens (21 years or older) and their spouses and minor children	about 13 years

The approximate wait times, shown above, are for comparison purposes only. You may check the visa availability of a particular visa category for your country of origin. See Priority Date & Visa Availability.

Permanent residents cannot petition for the immigration of their married children, parents, or brothers & sisters. They can do that after they naturalize (become a citizen).

Note that derivative beneficiary spouses and children (under 21 and unmarried), who accompany or "follow to join" principal immigrants in other immigrant classes (such as employment-based classes), do not fall within the categories shown above.

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